Types of Valves Used in Textile & Process Industries

Valves are essential components in textile processing plants, dyeing units, chemical processing, steam lines, water treatment systems, and utility services. They control flow, pressure, temperature, and direction of liquids, steam, gases, and chemicals.

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1. Gate Valve

Used mainly for ON/OFF isolation service in water, steam, and chemical pipelines.

Technical Specifications

Parameter	Details
Valve Type	Linear Motion
Operation	Manual / Pneumatic / Electric
Size Range	15 mm to 600 mm
Pressure Class	Class 150–600
Material	Cast Iron, WCB, SS304, SS316
Temperature Range	-20°C to 425°C
End Connection	Flanged / Screwed / Welded
Application	Steam, water, oil, process fluid

Advantages

• Full bore flow

• Low pressure drop

• Suitable for high-temperature steam

Approximate Price

• CI Gate Valve: ₹1,500 – ₹5,000

• SS304 Gate Valve: ₹4,000 – ₹25,000

• Motorized Gate Valve: ₹25,000 – ₹1,50,000

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2. Globe Valve

Used where throttling and flow regulation are required.

Technical Specifications

Parameter	Details
Valve Type	Throttling Valve
Size Range	15 mm to 500 mm
Pressure Rating	Class 150–2500
Material	Carbon Steel, SS316, Bronze
Flow Pattern	Straight / Angle / Oblique
Temperature	Up to 540°C
Standards	BS 1873, API 598

Applications

• Steam control

• Dye chemical lines

• Boiler systems

• Condensate systems

Approximate Price

• Bronze Globe Valve: ₹2,000 – ₹8,000

• Cast Steel Globe Valve: ₹6,000 – ₹35,000

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3. Ball Valve

Widely used in textile dyeing plants and chemical transfer lines.

Technical Specifications

Parameter	Details
Valve Type	Quarter Turn
Size	8 mm to 200 mm
Pressure Rating	150# to 2500#
Body Material	SS304, SS316, Brass
Seat Material	PTFE / Teflon
Temperature	Up to 232°C
End Type	Screwed / Flanged

Advantages

• Fast operation

• Bubble-tight shutoff

• Corrosion resistant

Applications

• Chemical dosing

• Water pipelines

• Air systems

• Textile dyeing machines

Approximate Price

• Brass Ball Valve: ₹300 – ₹2,000

• SS Ball Valve: ₹1,200 – ₹15,000

• Pneumatic Ball Valve: ₹8,000 – ₹60,000

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4. Butterfly Valve

Most commonly used valve in textile water treatment and utility pipelines.

Technical Specifications

Parameter	Details
Valve Type	Quarter Turn
Size	40 mm to 1500 mm
Pressure	PN10–PN16
Disc Material	SS304 / SS316
Body Material	CI / DI / WCB
Seat Material	EPDM / PTFE
Operation	Lever / Gear / Actuator

Advantages

• Lightweight

• Compact design

• Low cost

Applications

• Water treatment plant

• Cooling water

• Air handling systems

• Chemical circulation

Approximate Price

• Manual Butterfly Valve: ₹800 – ₹8,000

• Gear Operated: ₹5,000 – ₹25,000

• Actuated Valve: ₹15,000 – ₹1,20,000

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5. Check Valve (Non-Return Valve)

Prevents reverse flow in pumps and pipelines.

Technical Specifications

Parameter	Details
Type	Swing / Lift / Dual Plate
Size	15 mm to 1200 mm
Pressure Class	PN10–PN420
Material	CI, CS, SS316
Connection	Flanged / Wafer
Standard	API 6D, ASME B16.34

Applications

• Boiler feed pumps

• Water lines

• Chemical transfer

• Condensate return

Approximate Price

• CI Check Valve: ₹1,500 – ₹6,000

• SS Check Valve: ₹4,000 – ₹35,000

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6. Diaphragm Valve

Used for corrosive chemicals and hygienic process applications.

Technical Specifications

Parameter	Details
Size Range	DN15 to DN350
Pressure	Class 150–600
Body Material	Cast Iron / SS316
Diaphragm Material	EPDM / PTFE
Temperature	Up to 180°C
Standard	ASME B16.34

Applications

• Acid transfer

• Bleaching chemicals

• Dye solutions

• Pharmaceutical process

Approximate Price

• Manual Diaphragm Valve: ₹2,500 – ₹18,000

• Pneumatic Type: ₹15,000 – ₹75,000

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7. Control Valve

Automatically controls flow, pressure, temperature, or level.

Technical Specifications

Parameter	Details
Operation	Pneumatic / Electric
Size	DN15 to DN600
Pressure Rating	Class 150–2500
Control Signal	4–20 mA
Body Material	CS / SS / Alloy Steel
Actuator	Diaphragm / Piston

Applications

• Temperature control

• Steam pressure control

• Chemical dosing

• Dyeing process automation

Approximate Price

• Pneumatic Control Valve: ₹12,000 – ₹2,50,000

• Electric Control Valve: ₹18,000 – ₹3,50,000

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8. Pressure Relief Valve (PRV)

Safety valve used to release excess pressure.

Technical Specifications

Parameter	Details
Pressure Range	PN10–PN150
Material	Bronze / SS / CI
Size	15 mm to 200 mm
Temperature	Up to 400°C
Standard	API 526

Applications

• Boilers

• Steam systems

• Pressure vessels

• Air compressors

Approximate Price

• Bronze PRV: ₹2,000 – ₹10,000

• SS Safety Valve: ₹8,000 – ₹60,000

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Comparison Table of Industrial Valves

Valve Type	Main Function	Best For	Pressure Handling	Cost
Gate Valve	Isolation	Steam & Water	High	Medium
Globe Valve	Flow Control	Steam Control	High	Medium
Ball Valve	Quick Shutoff	Chemicals	Medium-High	Low-Medium
Butterfly Valve	Large Flow	Water Systems	Medium	Low
Check Valve	Prevent Backflow	Pumps	High	Medium
Diaphragm Valve	Corrosive Fluid	Chemicals	Medium	Medium-High
Control Valve	Automation	Process Plants	Very High	High
PRV	Safety	Boilers	Very High	Medium

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Common Valve Materials Used in Textile Industry

Material	Features	Application
Cast Iron (CI)	Economical	Water lines
Carbon Steel (WCB)	High pressure	Steam
SS304	Corrosion resistant	General chemicals
SS316	Acid resistant	Dye chemicals
PTFE Lined	Chemical resistant	Acid transfer
Bronze/Brass	Low pressure	Utility services

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Important Valve Standards

Standard	Description
API 598	Valve Testing
API 6D	Pipeline Valves
ASME B16.34	Valve Design
BS 1873	Globe Valves
API 600	Gate Valves
ISO 5208	Pressure Testing

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Valve Selection Criteria in Textile Industry

• Fluid type (water, steam, acid, dye chemical)

• Pressure and temperature

• Corrosion resistance

• Automation requirement

• Pipe size

• Leakage class

• Maintenance requirement